Content

The film begins with an audio clip of President Barack Obama’s stating that the US has five percent of the world’s population but twenty-five percent of the world’s prisoners. This movie features Several prominent activists, academics, politicians from “both sides of the aisle,” and public figures, Such As Angela Davis , Bryan Stevenson , Van Jones , Newt Gingrich , Cory Booker , Henry Louis Gates Jr. , and others. ^[5]

It has been a long time since the abolition of slavery to the present. Southern states criminalized minor offenses, arresting freedmen and forcing them to work when they could not pay fines; Institutionalizing this approach as convict leasing (which has an incentive to criminalize more behavior). They disenfranchised most blacks across the South at the turn of the 20th century, excluding them from the political system (including juries), at the same time that lynching of blacks by white mobs reached a peak in these decades. In addition to such violence, Jim Crow legislation was passed by Democrats to legalize segregation and suppress minorities, forcing them into second-class status. Following the passage of civil rights legislation in the 1960s that restored civil rights, the film notes the Republican Party’s appeal to Southern White Conservatives, including the claim to be the party to , Lengthy sentencing. A new wave of minority suppression began, reaching African Americans and others in the northern, mid-western and western cities where many had migrated in earlier decades. After their presidential candidates lost to Republicans, Democratic politicians like Bill Clinton joined the war on drugs. Forcing them into second-class status. Following the passage of civil rights legislation in the 1960s that restored civil rights, the film notes the Republican Party’s appeal to Southern White Conservatives, including the claim to be the party to , Lengthy sentencing. A new wave of minority suppression began, reaching African Americans and others in the northern, mid-western and western cities where many had migrated in earlier decades. After their presidential candidates lost to Republicans, Democratic politicians like Bill Clinton joined the war on drugs. Forcing them into second-class status. Following the passage of civil rights legislation in the 1960s that restored civil rights, the film notes the Republican Party’s appeal to Southern White Conservatives, including the claim to be the party to , Lengthy sentencing. A new wave of minority suppression began, reaching African Americans and others in the northern, mid-western and western cities where many had migrated in earlier decades. After their presidential candidates lost to Republicans, Democratic politicians like Bill Clinton joined the war on drugs. S appeal to southern white conservatives, including the claim to be the party to fight, which mandatory, lengthy sentencing. A new wave of minority suppression began, reaching African Americans and others in the northern, mid-western and western cities where many had migrated in earlier decades. After their presidential candidates lost to Republicans, Democratic politicians like Bill Clinton joined the war on drugs. S appeal to southern white conservatives, including the claim to be the party to fight, which mandatory, lengthy sentencing. A new wave of minority suppression began, reaching African Americans and others in the northern, mid-western and western cities where many had migrated in earlier decades. After their presidential candidates lost to Republicans, Democratic politicians like Bill Clinton joined the war on drugs.

As a result, from the early 1970s to the present, the rate of incarceration and the number of people in prisons has climbed dramatically in the United States, although the rate of crime has continued to decline since the late 20th century. As late as the 2016 presidential election, some politicians worked to generate fear of crime, claiming high in New York City, for instance, which was not true. Crime is lower overall than it has been in decades, but Republican candidates raised it to create fear. Private prison contractors and their dependents, who have been sentenced to life imprisonment, have been sentenced to life imprisonment.

Decades later, studies have shown that private prisons are no more efficient and are more abusive than those run by the federal or state governments. ^{[ Citation needed ]} The Federal Bureau of Prisons announced in 2016 its intention to stop contracting with private providers for prison services. The over-incarceration of adults has severely damaged generations of black and minority families and their children.

The film explores the role of ALEC , backed by corporations, which has been provided to the prison-industrial complex. Only after-Reviews some of the relationships Were Revealed DID corporations like Wal-Mart and others Receive criticism and drop out of the organization. Many businesses continue to make huge profits from prisons, Including Securus , qui Provides phone services at high rates and Aramark qui Provides Food Services That are substandard.

The film explores the demonization of minority communities through the use of minority communities. In the 21st century, the regularity of fatal police shootings of unarmed minorities in apparently minor confrontations has been demonstrated by videos taken by bystanders and by the increasing use of cams in police cars or worn by officers; The Manohla Dargis describes as, after the previous discussion, having the effect of “a piercing, keening cry.” ^[3]

Production

The film was written by Ava DuVernay , who wrote and directed Selma (2015), and Spencer Averick . She also edited this film. Produced and filmed in secrecy, 13th Was Revealed only after-annoncé It was as the opening movie for the 2016 New York Film Festival , the first documentary ever to open the festival. ^[6] [7]

Release

The film was released on October 7, 2016 on Netflix . ^[6] The companion piece 13th: A Conversation with Oprah Winfrey & Ava DuVernay was released on January 26, 2017 in the United States and on January 31, 2017 worldwide on the service. ^[8]

Reception

On Rotten Tomatoes the film has an approval rating of 96% based on 74 reviews, with an average rating of 8.8 / 10. The site’s critical consensus reads, ” 13th strikes at the heart of America’s tangled racial history, offering observations as incendiary as they are calmly controlled.” ^[9] On Metacritic the film has a score of 90 out of 100, based on 23 critics, indicating “universal acclaim”. ^[10]

Manohla Dargis of the New York Times noted the power of DuVernay’s film and its meticulous marshaling of facts. She says, “Summarizing the film:” The United States did not just criminalize a group of black people. It is a process that, in addition to destroying untold lives, the guilt for slavery from the people Who perpetuated it to the very people who suffered through it. ” ^[3]

Peter Travers of Rolling Stone awarded the film four stars and named it one of the best films of 2016. ^[11]

Accolades

Award	Category	Recipients and nominees	Outcome
Academy Awards	Best Documentary Feature	13th	Nominated
ACE Eddie Awards	Best Edited Documentary Feature	Spencer Averick	Nominated
African-American Film Critics Association Awards	Best Documentary	13th	Won
Alliance of Women Film Journalists’ EDA Awards	Best Documentary	13th	Won
	Best Woman Director	Ava DuVernay	Won
	Outstanding Achievement by a Woman in the Film Industry	Ava DuVernay	Won
Austin Film Critics Association Awards	Best Documentary	13th	Nominated
Black Reel Awards	Best Movie	13th	Nominated
	Best Feature Documentary	13th	Won
	Best Original or Adapted Song	“Letter to the Free” – Common	Nominated
British Academy Film Awards	Best Documentary	13th	Won
Cinema Audio Society	Outstanding Achievement in Sound Mixing for a Motion Picture – Documentary	Jeffrey Perkins	Nominated
Critics’ Choice Documentary Awards	Best Documentary Feature	13th	Nominated
	Best Documentary (TV / Streaming)	13th	Won
	Best Director (TV / Streaming)	Ava DuVernay	Won
	Best Political Documentary	13th	Won
	Best Song in a Documentary	“Letter to the Free”	Nominated
Dallas-Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards	Best Documentary	13th	Runner-up
Detroit Film Critics Society Awards	Best Documentary	13th	Nominated
Hollywood Music in Media Awards	Best Original Song – Documentary	“Letter to the Free”	Nominated
Houston Film Critics Society Awards	Best Documentary Feature	13th	Nominated
Independent Spirit Awards	Best Documentary Feature	13th	Nominated
MTV Movie & TV Awards	Best Documentary	13th	Won
NAACP Image Awards	Outstanding Documentary (Film)	13th	Won
National Society of Film Critics	Best Non-Fiction Film	13th	3rd Place
New York Film Critics Online Awards	Best Documentary	13th	Won
Online Film Critics Society Awards	Best Documentary Film	13th	Nominated
Peabody Awards	Excellency	Forward Movement LLC and Kandoo Films	Won
Phoenix Film Critics Society Awards	Best Documentary	13th	Nominated
Satellite Awards	Best Documentary Film	13th	Won
San Francisco Film Critics Circle Awards	Best Documentary Film	13th	Nominated
Vancouver Film Critics Circle Awards	Best Documentary	13th	Nominated
Washington DC Area Film Critics Association	Best Documentary	13th	Won
Women Film Critics Circle Awards	Best Movie by a Woman	13th	Won
	Best Woman Storyteller (Screenwriting Award)	Ava DuVernay	Won
	Best Documentary By or About Women	13th	Won
	Courage in Filmmaking	Ava DuVernay	Won

See also

• Slavery in the United States
• Southern Strategy
• Jim Crow laws
• Mass incarceration
• Prison-industrial complex
• The House I Live In (2012 film)

References