Internet television (or online television ) is the digital distribution of television content, such as TV shows , via the public Internet (which also carries other types of data), as opposed to dedicated terrestrial television via an over-the-air aerial system, Cable television , and / or satellite television systems. It is sometimes called web television , but this sentence is also used to describe the genre of TV shows broadcast only online .

Elements

Internet television is a type of over-the-top content . “Over-the-top” (OTT) is the delivery of audio, video, and other media over the Internet without the involvement of a multi-system operator (Such As a cable television provider) in the control or distribution of the content. It has several elements:

Content provider

Examples include:

• An independent service, such as Netflix or Amazon Video , Hotstar , Google Play Movies , MyTV (Arabic) , Sling TV , Sony LIV , Viewster , or Qello (which specializes in concerts).
• A service owned by a traditional terrestrial, cable, or satellite provider, such as DittoTV (owned by Dish TV )
• An international movies brand, Eros International or Eros Now
• A Service owned by a traditional movie or television network , television channel , content conglomerate gold, Such As BBC Three since January 17, 2016, SNBC , CNNGo , HBO Now , Now TV (UK) (owned by Sky), PlayStation View (owned by Sony), or Hulu (a joint venture)
• A peer-to-peer video hosting service such as YouTube , Vimeo , or Crunchyroll
• Combining services like TV UOL which combines a Brazilian Internet-only TV station with user-uploaded content, or Crackle , which combines content by Sony Pictures with user uploaded content
• Audio-only services like Spotify , though not “Internet television” per se, are sometimes accessible through video-capable devices in the same way

For a more complete list, see List of Internet providers and List of video hosting services .

Internet

The public Internet is used for transmission from the streaming servers to the consumer end-user.

Receiver

The receiver must have an Internet connection, typically by Wi-fi or Ethernet , and could be:

• A web browser running on a personal computer (Typically controlled by mouse and keyboard ) mobile device gold, Such As Firefox , Google Chrome , or Internet Explorer
• A mobile app on a smartphone or tablet computer
• A dedicated digital media player , typically with remote control . These HDMI ports can also be connected to the HDMI port. Examples include Roku , Amazon Fire , Apple TV , Google TV , Boxee , and WD TV . Sometimes these boxes allow the streaming of information from the local network or storage drive, typically providing an indirect connection between a USB stick
• A SmartTV which has Internet capability and built-in software accessed with remote control
• A Video Game Console Related to the Xbox One and PS4 .
• A DVD player or Blu-ray disc player with Internet capabilities in addition to its primary function of playing content from physical discs
• A set-top box or digital video recorder (DVR) provided by the cable or satellite company or an independent party like TiVo , qui HAS Internet capabilities in addition to icts primary function of receiving send and recording programming from the non-Internet connection cable satellite gold

Not all receiver devices can access all content providers. Most websites-have That allow viewing of glad in a web browser, purpose Sometimes this is not done due to digital rights management or Concerns restrictions. When a computer is connected to a computer, it is possible to connect the computer to a computer. Many providers have mobile applications (“apps”) dedicated to receive only their own content. Manufacturers of SmartTVs, boxes, sticks, and players must decide which providers to support, typically based on popularity, common corporate ownership, or receiving payment from the provider.

Display device

A display device, which could be:

• A television set or video projector connected to the receiver with a video connector (typically HDMI )
• A smart TV screen
• A computer monitor
• The built-in display of a smartphone or tablet computer

Comparison with IPTV

IPTV Delivers happy using television signals based on the Internet Protocol (IP) through the open, unmanaged internet with the “last-mile” telecom company acting as the only Internet service provider (ISP). As described above, “Internet television” is “over-the-top technology” (OTT). Both IPTV and OTT use the Internet protocol over a packet-switched network to transmit data, but IPTV operates in a closed system-a dedicated, managed network by the local cable, satellite, telephone, or fiber-optic company. ^[1] In its simplest form, IPTV simply replaces traditional circuit switched analog or digital television channels with digital channels which happen to use packet-switched transmission. In both the old and new systems, subscribers have set-top boxes or other customer-premises equipment that communicates directly over company-owned or dedicated leased lines with central-office servers. Packets never travel over the public Internet, so the television provider can guarantee enough bandwidth for each customer’s needs. Subscribers have set-top boxes or other customer-premises equipment that communicates directly over the company-owned or dedicated leased lines with central-office servers. Packets never travel over the public Internet, so the television provider can guarantee enough bandwidth for each customer’s needs. Subscribers have set-top boxes or other customer-premises equipment that communicates directly over the company-owned or dedicated leased lines with central-office servers. Packets never travel over the public Internet, so the television provider can guarantee enough bandwidth for each customer’s needs.

The Internet protocol is a cheap, standardized way to enable two-way communication and simultaneously provide different data (eg, TV-show files, email, web browsing) to different customers. This is a DVR-like feature for television shippers : for example, to catch up on a TV show that was broadcast or to replay the current TV show from its beginning. It also supports video-on-demand movies that could be unrelated to the company’s scheduled broadcasts.

(For example, at the European Telecommunications Standards Institute ).

Comparison tables

IPTV	Over-the-top technology
Content Provider	Local telecom	Studio, channel, or independent service
Transmission network	Local telecom – dedicated owned or leased network	Public Internet + local telecom
Receiver	Local telecom provides (set-top box)	Purchased by consumer (box, stick, TV, computer, or mobile)
Display device	Screen provided by consumer	Screen provided by consumer

OTT (Over the Top Technology)	IPTV (Internet Protocol Television)
Templates	Video on demand services Sky Go , YouTube , Netflix , Amazon , YuppTV , Lovefilm , BBC iPlayer , Hulu , myTV , Now TV , Emagine , SlingTV	Service Example includes U-verse (AT & T)
Protocol [ citation needed ]	Delivered using HTTP (TCP), a connected transport protocol. Emerging trends using adaptive streaming technologies like HLS (Apple), Smooth Streaming ( Microsoft ) and HDS (Adobe). Delivered content over UDP in combination with FEC	Traditional IPTV uses TS (transport stream) transmission technology. Delivers content over UDP in combination with FEC, connectionless protocol
Content Catalog [ citation needed ]	Widely used for freemium and economy VOD delivery models	Used TV broadcasting
Routing Topology [ citation needed ]	Unicast (Based on HTTP) or Simulated Multicast (UDP / TCP)	Multicast, unicast burst
Major Players [ citation needed ]	Huawei OTT solutions, Accenture, Piksel, OVP (Kaltura, Brightcove, Ooyala, Mobibase), CDN Players (Akamai, Level 3, Limelight,	TSP and IPTV Platform vendors – Huawei, Accenture, Piksel, Microsoft Mediaroom (Ericsson), Alu, Cisco, ZTE
Key Challenges [ citation needed ]	Low quality, No Premium Content No Live Broadcast, Unicast model	Expansion, Competition from Cable / DTH industry, Bandwidth and Infrastructure
Key Benefits [ citation needed ]	Low cost, Flexibility of content across devices	Interactive Service, Quality of Service and Quality of Experience

Technologies used

The Hybrid Broadcast Broadband TV (HbbTV) consortium of industry companies (such as SES , Humax , Philips , and ANT Software) Broadband digital television and multimedia applications with a single-user interface. ^[2]

As a peer-to-peer (P2P) technologies, VoD systems, and live streaming. BBC iPlayer makes use of the Adobe Flash Player to provide streaming-video clips and other software provided by Adobe for its download service. CNBC , Bloomberg Television and Showtime use live-streaming services from BitGravity to HTTP protocol. DRM ( digital rights management ) software is also incorporated into many Internet television services. Sky Go HAS Software That Is provided by Microsoft to prevent prevention copied happy being white. Internet TV is also cross platform, the Sky Player service has been expanded to the Xbox 360 on October 27 ^{[ when? ]} And to Windows Media Center and then to Windows 7 PCs on November 19 ^{[ when? ]} . The BBC iPlayer is also available on the Internet and on the Wii console and the PlayStation 3 . Other Internet-television platforms include mobile platforms Such as the iPhone and iPod Touch , Nokia N96 , Sony Ericsson C905 and Many other mobile devices. ^[3]

Samsung TV has also announced their plans to provide streaming options including 3D Video on Demand through their Explore 3D service. ^[4] 5K and OTT services are planned for rollout in 2018 via the major content providers.

This article needs to be updated . Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (March 2017)

Stream quality

Stream quality refers to the quality of the image and audio transferred from the servers of the distributor to the user’s home screen. Higher-quality video (720p +) requires higher bandwidth and faster connection speeds. The agent de la kbit / s download rate needed to stream high-definition video That has-been encoded with H.264 is 3500 kbit / s, whereas standard-definition television can Range from 500 to 1500 kbit / s DEPENDING on the resolution on screen. In the UK, the BBC iPlayer deals with the largest amount of traffic it offers. As the BBC iPlayer has tried to keep up with demand and pace. However, as streaming HD video takes around 1. 5 GB of data per hour of video the BBC has had to invest a lot of money collected from License Fee to implement this on a large scale. ^[5]

For those who do not have the bandwidth to stream HD video or even high-SD video, which requires 1500 kbit / s, the BBC iPlayer offers lower bitrate streams which in turn lead to lower video quality. This makes it possible to use a bandwidth, which can be used to modify the bitrate. A diagnostic tool offered on the BBC iPlayer site measures a user’s streaming capabilities and bandwidth. ^[6]

In the last few years ^{[ when? ]} , Channel 4 has started providing HD on its On Demand platforms such as iOS App, Android App and Channel4.com website. ALTHOUGH concurrents in the UK Such As Demand Five -have not yet offert HD streaming ^{[ when? ]} , Streaming is not an impossibility. The availability of Channel 4 and Five happy one YouTube is Predicted To Prove incredibly popular series have Such As Skins , Green Wing , The X Factor and others Become available in a simple,

Usage

Internet television is common in most US households as of the mid 2010s. About the Author ^[7]

This article needs to be updated . Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (March 2017)

Considering the vast popularity of smart TVs and devices such as the Roku and Chromecast, much of the US can watch television via the internet. Internet-only channels are now enough to feature Established Some Emmy-nominated shows, Such As Netflix ‘s House of Cards . ^[8] Many networks also distribute their shows the next day to streaming providers such as Hulu ^[9] Some networks may use a proprietary system, such as the BBC use their iPlayer format. This has resulted in bandwidth demands increasing to the point of causing issues for some networks. It was reported in February 2014 that Verizon is having issues with their infrastructure. Until long-term bandwidth issues are being worked out and regulated. ^[10]

Before 2006, most services used peer-to-peer (P2P) networking, in which users would be shared between the users and the commonly used streaming method. Now most service providers have moved away from the P2P systems and are now using the streaming media . The old P2P service was selected because it could not handle the bandwidth necessary for centralized streaming distribution. Some consumers did not like their upload bandwidth being consumed by their video player, which partially motivated the roll-out of centralized streaming distribution. ^[11]

Aereo was launched in March 2012 in New York City (and subsequently stopped from broadcasting in June 2014). It streamed network TV only to New York customers over the Internet. Broadcasters filed lawsuits against Aereo, because Aereo captured broadcast signals and streamed the content to Aereo’s customers without paying broadcasters. In mid-July 2012, a federal judge sided with the Aereo start-up. Aereo planned to expand to every major metropolitan area by the end of 2013. ^[12] The Supreme Court Ruled contre Aero June 24, 2014. ^[13]

Market competitors

Many providers of Internet television services, which have been taken over the Internet, have had the opportunity to broadcast on-demand and catch-up services. Today, almost every major broadcaster around the world is operating an Internet television platform. ^[14] Examples include the BBC, which introduced the BBC iPlayer on 25 June 2008 as an extension to its “RadioPlayer” and already existing streamed video-clip content, and Channel 4 4) in November 2006. Most Internet television services free of charge; HOWEVER,

Control

Controlling content on the Internet presents a challenge for most providers; To the extent permitted by law, to the extent permitted by law, to the extent permitted by law. The BBC iPlayer makes use of a parental control system providing parents the option to “lock” content, meaning that a password would have to be used to access it. Flagging systems can be used to warn a user happy That May be certified gold That It is Intended for viewing post watershed . Honor systems are also used where users are asked for their dates of birth or age to verify if they are able to view certain content.

Archives

An archive is a collection of information and media much like a library or interactive-storage facility. It is a necessity for an on-demand media service to maintain archives that have already been aired on standard-broadcast television. However, these archives may vary from one month to the next, depending on the curator and the type of content. For example, the BBC iPlayer’s shows are available for a maximum of seven days after their original broadcast. ^[15] This so-called “seven-day catch-up” model seems to become an industry standard for Internet television services in many countries around the world. ^[16] However, some shows may only be available for shorter periods. Others, such as the BBC’s Panorama,

In contrast, All 4, Channel 4’s on-demand service ^[17] offers many of its television shows that were originally aired years ago. An example of this is the comedy The IT Crowd . The same is true for other hit Channel 4 comedies such as The Inbetweeners and Black Books . The benefit of a broader archive is that they provide more and more people who, in turn, watch more media, leading to a wider audience base and more advertising revenue. Large archives will also mean the user will spend more time on this website than a competitors, leading to “starvation” of demand for the competitors. Having an extensive archive, however, can bring problems along with benefits. Large archives are expensive to maintain and large server farms and mass storage is needed, along with ample bandwidth to transmit it all. Vast archives can be hard to catalog and sort so that they are accessible to users.

Broadcasting rights

Broadcasting rights vary from country to country and even within provinces of countries. These rights govern the distribution of copyrighted content and media and allow the sole distribution of that content at any one time. An example of a BBC iPlayer. The BBC checks a user’s IP address to make sure that the BBC can stream content from the UK. The BBC only allows them to use their own funds for the BBC. This IP address can not be accessed via the VPN or proxy server . Broadcasting rights can also be restricted to a broadcaster. Channel 4’s online All 4 service can only stream shows created in the US by companies Such As HBO for thirty days after They Are aired on one of the Channel 4 Group channels. This is to boost DVD sales for the companies who produce that media.

Some companies pay very high amounts for broadcasting rights and US sitcoms usually fetching the highest price from UK-based broadcasters. A trend among major producers in North America ^{[ when? ]} Is the use of the ” TV Everywhere ” system. A principle at Big Orange Ventures lead the TVE project for the Largest Pay TV provider in the US, qui Was the first national roll-out of TVE. Especially for live happy, the TV Everywhere system restricts viewership of a video feed to select Internet provider services , cable television companies usually pay That’s retransmission consent gold subscription fee to the content producer.

Profits and costs

With the advent of broadband internet Connections multiple streaming providers have come on the market in the last couple of years. The main providers are Netflix, Hulu and Amazon. Some of these providers Hulu advertise and charge a monthly fee. Other such as Netflix and Amazon load users a monthly fee and have no commercials. Netflix is ​​the largest provider; It has over 43 million members and its membership numbers are growing ^{[ when? ] [ Citation needed ]} . The Cord of the Internet has been reshaped. Cord cutters are consumers who are canceling their cable TV or satellite TV subscriptions and choosing instead to stream TV shows, movies and other content via the Internet . Cord cutters are forming communities. With the availability of video sharing websites (eg, YouTube ) and streaming services, there is an alternative to cable and satellite television subscriptions. Cord cutters tend to be younger people. There is an alternative to cable and satellite television subscriptions. Cord cutters tend to be younger people. There is an alternative to cable and satellite television subscriptions. Cord cutters tend to be younger people.

Overview of platforms availability

Service	Supporting company / companies	Availability	Website-based	Windows application	Mac application	Linux application	IOS application	Android application	Application Console	TV set application	Set Top Box application	Free
BBC iPlayer	BBC	UK	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes [18]	Wii, PS3, Xbox 360	Samsung, Sony, Panasonic, Philips	Virgin Media On Demand, Freesat, Roku	Yes
NBC	NBC	Yes	No.	No.	No.	Yes	Yes [19]	PS3, Xbox 360	Yes [20]
Tivibu	Argela	TR	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Argela Android Player	Pending	None	Ttnet on Demand	No.
Sky Go	Sky	UK & Ireland	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Xbox 360	No.
ITV Hub	ITV	UK	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	PS3	Virgin Media On Demand	Yes
ABC iview	Australian Broadcasting Corporation	australia	Yes	iPad	PS3, Xbox 360	Samsung, Sony	Yes
All 4	Channel 4	UK & Ireland	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	PS3, Xbox 360	Virgin Media On Demand	Yes
SeeSaw	Arqiva	UK	Yes	Yes	Yes	No.
Hulu	FOX, NBC Universal, ABC, Time Warner	US & Japan	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	PS3, Xbox 360	Samsung, Vizio	Roku	No [21]
RTÉ Player	RTÉ	ireland	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
TG4 Beo	TG4	Ireland and Worldwide / International	Yes	Yes
TV3 Catch Up	TV3	ireland	Yes	Yes	Yes
Global Video	Global	Canada	Yes	Yes	No.
Global Video	SBNTV1, The Sumlin Broadcasting Network, Classic Soul Channel …..	US	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	PS3, Xbox 360	Samsung, Vizio	Yes
myTV	OSN , Rotana Group , SNA Corp …..	North America, Canada, South America, New Zealand, Australia	No.	Not Yet	Not Yet	No.	Yes	Yes	Not Yet	Samsung Smart TV, LG Smart TV, Google TV	Western Digital, Boxee Box, Netgear NTV 300, Google TV devices, Samsung and Android tablets	No.
PTCL Smart TV App	PTCL	Pakistan	Yes	Yes	No.	No.	Yes	Yes	No.	None	Standalone PTCL Smart Settop Box	No.

See also

References